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1.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 38(1): 15-21, 2024.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38657147

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: reconstruction of large bone defects using modular knee arthroplasty (MKA) presents a significant challenge in terms of functionality. The objective of the present work was to identify the different prognostic factors associated with failure of MKA in cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a retrospective cohort study was conducted, including patients with a diagnosis of musculoskeletal tumor in the distal femur or proximal tibia, who underwent MKA between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2021. RESULTS: 49 patients were included, of which 25 (51.02%) were women and 24 (48.98%) men, with a mean age of 29.57 years. Of these, 14 (28.57%) patients experienced some type of MKA failure. The most frequent complication that led to failure was periprosthetic infection, observed in seven (14.29%) patients. Variables associated with MKA failure included biopsies performed outside our hospital (HR 3.2, 95% CI 1.4-6.4, p = 0.02), the length of the long axis of the tumor (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2-4.6, p = 0.01) and a prolonged surgical time (HR 3.37, 95% CI 1.1-8.6, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: the most significant prognostic factors associated with MKA failure in our cohort were tumor size, prolonged surgical time, and performance of the diagnostic biopsy in a center not specialized in the management of this type of patient. These findings highlight the importance of considering these variables to improve outcomes in patients undergoing MKA.


INTRODUCCIÓN: la reconstrucción de grandes defectos óseos mediante artroplastía modular de rodilla (AMR) representa un desafío significativo en términos de funcionalidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar los diferentes factores pronósticos asociados al fracaso de la AMR en pacientes oncológicos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva, incluyendo pacientes con diagnóstico de tumor musculoesquelético en el fémur distal o la tibia proximal, que fueron sometidos a AMR entre el 1 de Enero de 2010 y el 31 de Diciembre de 2021. RESULTADOS: se incluyeron 49 pacientes, de los cuales 25 (51.02%) eran mujeres y 24 (48.98%) hombres, con una edad media de 29.57 años. De éstos, 14 (28.57%) pacientes experimentaron algún tipo de fracaso de la AMR. La complicación más frecuente que condicionó el fracaso fue la infección periprotésica, observada en siete (14.29%) pacientes. Las variables asociadas con el fracaso de las AMR incluyeron biopsias realizadas fuera de nuestro hospital (HR 3.2, IC95% 1.4-6.4, p = 0.02), longitud del eje mayor del tumor (HR 2.1, IC95% 1.2-4.6, p = 0.01) y tiempo quirúrgico prolongado (HR 3.37, IC95% 1.1-8.6, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIÓN: los factores pronósticos asociados al fracaso de las AMR en nuestra cohorte fueron el tamaño del tumor, un tiempo quirúrgico prolongado y la realización de la biopsia diagnóstica en un centro no especializado en el manejo de este tipo de pacientes. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de considerar estas variables en pacientes sometidos a AMR.


Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Artroplastia do Joelho/métodos , Adulto , Prognóstico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Adulto Jovem , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/etiologia , Duração da Cirurgia , Falha de Prótese , Tíbia/cirurgia , Adolescente , Prótese do Joelho , Falha de Tratamento
2.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 37(6): 331-337, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38467453

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary malignant tumor, constitutes approximately one quarter of all primary bone sarcomas. Surgical margins in pelvic chondrosarcoma have a direct impact as a prognostic factor, both on overall survival and on recurrence-free survival of this disease. OBJECTIVES: to analyze the impact of surgical margins as a prognostic factor in pelvic chondrosarcoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a retrospective database cohort with prospective follow-up of sarcomas in patients diagnosed with primary pelvic chondrosarcoma who underwent surgical treatment. Clinical-demographic variables were obtained, a descriptive analysis of each variable was performed, and these were contrasted with the outcome variables. RESULTS: seventeen patients were included, of which nine were female. The median age was 41 years, ranging from 23 to 65 years. The average tumor size was 20.9 cm (range 5 to 46 cm). The average surgical margin was 5.3 mm, ranging from 1 to 30 mm, with 58% positive margins. The average overall survival was 64 months (range 7 to 108 months). The distribution of pelvic involvement was as follows: zone I in nine patients (52.9%), zone II in two (11.8%), a combination of zones I-III in two (11.8%), I+II in one (5.9%), II+III in one (5.9%), I-III plus sacrum in one (5.9%) and I plus sacrum in one (5.9%). Tumor grades were classified as low in seven patients (41.2%), intermediate in sven (41.2%), high in two (11.8%), and dedifferentiated in one (5.9%). Regarding the type of resection, 12 patients (70.6%) underwent internal hemipelvectomy and five (29.4%) external hemipelvectomy. Recurrence was recorded in five cases (29.4%), metastasis in three (17.6%), and mortality in four (23.5%). CONCLUSIONS: this series represents the largest cohort reported in Latin America of primary pelvic chondrosarcomas. A more favorable prognosis was observed in patients with surgical margins greater than 1 mm. The presence of chondrosarcoma in multiple pelvic zones was associated with a worse oncological prognosis. Additionally, a higher incidence of positive surgical margins and local recurrence rates were identified in pelvic chondrosarcomas compared to those located in the extremities.


INTRODUCCIÓN: el condrosarcoma (CS), el segundo tumor maligno óseo primario más común, constituye aproximadamente una cuarta parte de todos los sarcomas óseos primarios. Los márgenes quirúrgicos en el condrosarcoma pélvico tienen un impacto directo como factor pronóstico, tanto en la supervivencia global como en la supervivencia libre de recurrencia de esta enfermedad. OBJETIVOS: analizar el impacto de los márgenes quirúrgicos como factor pronóstico en el condrosarcoma de la pelvis. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: cohorte de base de datos retrospectiva con seguimiento prospectivo de sarcomas de pacientes con diagnóstico de condrosarcoma primario de la pelvis que fueron sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico. Se obtuvieron variables clínico-demográficas, se realizó un análisis descriptivo de cada variable y se contrastaron con las variables desenlace. RESULTADOS: se incluyeron 17 pacientes, de los cuales nueve eran mujeres. La mediana de edad fue de 41 años (rango de 23 a 65 años). El tamaño promedio del tumor fue de 20.9 cm (rango de 5 a 46 cm). El margen quirúrgico promedio fue de 5.3 mm, variando entre 1 y 30 mm, con 58% de márgenes positivos. La supervivencia global promedio fue de 64 meses (rango de 7 a 108 meses). La distribución de la afectación pélvica fue: zona I en nueve pacientes (52.9%), zona II en dos (11.8%), combinación de zonas I-III en dos (11.8%), I+II en uno (5.9%), II+III en uno (5.9%), I-III más sacro en uno (5.9%) y I más sacro en uno (5.9%). Los grados tumorales se clasificaron en bajo en siete pacientes (41.2%), intermedio en siete (41.2%), alto en dos (11.8%) y desdiferenciado en uno (5.9%). Respecto al tipo de resección, 12 pacientes (70.6%) se sometieron a hemipelvectomía interna y cinco (29.4%) a hemipelvectomía externa. Se registró recurrencia en cinco casos (29.4%), metástasis en tres (17.6%) y mortalidad en cuatro (23.5%). CONCLUSIONES: esta serie representa la cohorte más extensa reportada en Latinoamérica de condrosarcomas primarios de la pelvis. Se observó un pronóstico más favorable en pacientes con márgenes quirúrgicos superiores a 1 mm. La presencia de condrosarcoma en múltiples zonas pélvicas se asoció con un peor pronóstico oncológico. Además, se identificó una mayor incidencia de márgenes quirúrgicos positivos y tasas de recurrencia local en condrosarcomas de la pelvis en comparación con aquellos ubicados en las extremidades.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas , Condrossarcoma , Ossos Pélvicos , Sarcoma , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Masculino , Margens de Excisão , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Prospectivos , Ossos Pélvicos/cirurgia , Ossos Pélvicos/patologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico , Sarcoma/patologia , Sarcoma/cirurgia , Condrossarcoma/cirurgia , Pelve , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia
4.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol ; 174: 103685, 2022 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35460913

RESUMO

Bone sarcoma are infrequent diseases, representing < 0.2% of all adult neoplasms. A multidisciplinary management within reference centers for sarcoma, with discussion of the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies within an expert multidisciplinary tumour board, is essential for these patients, given its heterogeneity and low frequency. This approach leads to an improvement in patient's outcome, as demonstrated in several studies. The Sarcoma European Latin-American Network (SELNET), aims to improve clinical outcome in sarcoma care, with a special focus in Latin-American countries. These Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) have been developed and agreed by a multidisciplinary expert group (including medical and radiation oncologist, surgical oncologist, orthopaedic surgeons, radiologist, pathologist, molecular biologist and representatives of patients advocacy groups) of the SELNET consortium, and are conceived to provide the standard approach to diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of bone sarcoma patients in the Latin-American context.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas , Osteossarcoma , Sarcoma , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles , Adulto , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/terapia , Humanos , Osteossarcoma/diagnóstico , Osteossarcoma/patologia , Osteossarcoma/terapia , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Sarcoma/diagnóstico , Sarcoma/patologia , Sarcoma/terapia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/patologia
5.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 35(4): 300-304, 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35139586

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Chondrosarcoma is the second most frequent primary malignant bone tumor, is characterized by the formation of a chondroid matrix, is more frequent in advanced ages and its prognosis is directly related to the histological subtype and tumor grade. The objective of this article is to present the demographic and treatment profile in a reference center. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive, observational, analytical cohort-type study was conducted in a reference center between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2019, the demographic variables were analyzed and contrasted with the outcome variables that were overall survival and disease-free period. RESULTS: 85 patients were included, the mean age of presentation was 43.3 years, the clinical stage at the time of presentation was mostly IIa and IIb covering 54.1%. 35 patients had metastases with clinical stage IV. The main site of metastasis was the lung in 32 patients (37.6%). Thirty-six patients (42.3%) had specific mortality. 35 patients (41.2%) died as a result of metastatic disease to lung or other organs, one patient died from direct extension of the tumor in the cervical spine. CONCLUSION: The important prognostic factors found in our series that influence global survival are: the presence of metastases and axial localization.


INTRODUCCIÓN: El condrosarcoma es el segundo tumor óseo maligno primario más frecuente, se caracteriza por la formación de matriz condroide, es más común en edades avanzadas y su pronóstico guarda relación directa con el subtipo histológico y el grado tumoral. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el perfil demográfico y de tratamiento en un centro de referencia. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, observacional, analítico de tipo cohorte en un centro de referencia entre el 01 de Enero de 2005 y el 31 de Diciembre de 2019, se analizaron las variables demográficas y se contrastaron con las variables de desenlace que fueron supervivencia global y período libre de enfermedad. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 85 pacientes, la media edad de presentación fue 43.3 años, la etapa clínica al momento de la presentación fue mayormente IIa y IIb abarcando 54.1%, 35 pacientes tuvieron metástasis con etapa clínica IV. El principal sitio de metástasis fue el pulmón en 32 pacientes (37.6%). De los pacientes, 36 (42.3%) presentaron mortalidad cáncer específica, 35 (41.2%) fallecieron como consecuencia de la enfermedad metastásica a pulmón u otros órganos y un paciente falleció por extensión directa del tumor en columna cervical. CONCLUSIÓN: Los factores pronósticos importantes hallados en nuestra serie que influyen en la supervivencia global son: la presencia de metástasis y la localización axial.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas , Condrossarcoma , Adulto , Neoplasias Ósseas/epidemiologia , Humanos , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos
6.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 35(6): 515-520, 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35793251

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Rotator cuff (MR) ruptures occur in more than 50% of patients over the age of 60, and can cause changes in normal shoulder biomechanics that can trigger rotator cuff tear arthropathy. There is currently no consensus on treatment for massive rotator cuff tears. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of subacromial balloon placement in these lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analytical, longitudinal and retrospective study of 10 consecutive patients treated with the use of the subacromial balloon. Constant (CS) and ASES scales were used preoperatively and at 6, 12 months of post-surgical follow-up. Radiographic results were assessed using the Acromio-humeral Interval (AHI) on a true AP shoulder X-ray. RESULTS: The average improvement in CS was 41.7 ± 8.93 at 12 months of follow-up, the ASES scale showed an average improvement of 64.6 ± 4.9 at 12 months of follow-up. The presurgical AHI was 6.1 ± 1.10 and the mean at 12 months of follow-up was 7.1 ± 0.9. Clinical and radiographic improvement was observed at all scales, however no statistically significant results were found. CONCLUSION: The subacromial balloon prevents the ascent of the humeral head in the first 12 months of placement; we assume that it could restore normal glenohumeral kinematics by improving mobility and decreasing pain.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Las rupturas del manguito de los rotadores (MR) se presentan en más de 50% de los pacientes mayores de 60 años y pueden causar cambios en la biomecánica normal del hombro que pueden desencadenar una artropatía por desgarro del MR. Actualmente, no existe un consenso sobre el tratamiento para el desgarro masivo del MR. OBJETIVO: Evaluar los resultados clínicos y radiográficos de la colocación del balón subacromial en estas lesiones. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio analítico, longitudinal y retrospectivo de 10 pacientes consecutivos tratados con el uso del balón subacromial. Se utilizaron escalas de Constant (CS) y ASES prequirúrgicas, a los seis y 12 meses de seguimiento postquirúrgico. Los resultados radiográficos fueron valorados por medio del intervalo acromio-humeral (IAH) en una radiografía anteroposterior (AP) verdadera de hombro. RESULTADOS: La mejoría promedio en la CS fue de 41.7 ± 8.93 a los 12 meses de seguimiento, la escala de ASES mostró una mejoría promedio de 64.6 ± 4.9 a los 12 meses de seguimiento. El IAH prequirúrgico fue de 6.1 ± 1.10 y la media a los 12 meses de seguimiento fue de 7.1 ± 0.9. Se observó una mejoría clínica y radiográfica en todas las escalas; sin embargo, no se encontraron resultados estadísticamente significativos. CONCLUSIÓN: El balón subacromial previene el ascenso de la cabeza humeral en los primeros 12 meses de colocado; suponemos que podría restaurar la cinemática glenohumeral normal mejorando movilidad y disminuyendo dolor.


Assuntos
Lesões do Manguito Rotador , Articulação do Ombro , Humanos , Cabeça do Úmero , Estudos Retrospectivos , Manguito Rotador/diagnóstico por imagem , Manguito Rotador/cirurgia , Lesões do Manguito Rotador/cirurgia
7.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 33(5): 325-328, 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32253856

RESUMO

Maffucci syndrome is characterized by the presence of multiple enchondromes and hemangiomas that can affect soft tissues and other organs. The risk of malignant transformation of lesions is 100% during the life of the individual, with chondrosarcoma being the most frequently associated malignant tumor. We present the case of a 44-year-old man diagnosed with Maffucci syndrome who developed a synchronous double primary: chondrosarcoma and high-grade multicenter fusocellular sarcoma of scapular and tricipital region, was treated with disarticulation interscapule-thoracic, presented accelerated progression and lung disease. There are other neoplasms associated with Maffucci syndrome, such as pancreatic adenocarcinoma, mesenchymal ovarian tumors, gliomas, astrocytomas and pituitary tumors. It is therefore very interesting to report the uncommon association between fusocellular sarcoma and secondary chondrosarcoma in patients with Maffucci syndrome. Follow-up in this group of patients is complex and is based on the intentional search for accelerated growing lesions, paying attention to progressive growth injuries, clinical symptoms or radiological malignancy data.


El síndrome de Maffucci se caracteriza por la presencia de múltiples encondromas y hemangiomas que pueden afectar tejidos blandos y otros órganos. El riesgo de transformación maligna de las lesiones es de 100% durante la vida del individuo, siendo el condrosarcoma el tumor maligno más frecuentemente asociado. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 44 años de edad con diagnóstico de síndrome de Maffucci, el cual desarrolló un doble primario sincrónico: condrosarcoma y sarcoma fusocelular de alto grado multicéntrico de región escapular y tricipital, fue tratado con desarticulación interescapulotorácica, mostró progresión acelerada y enfermedad pulmonar. Existen otras neoplasias asociadas al síndrome de Maffucci tales como adenocarcinoma de páncreas, tumores mesenquimales de ovario, gliomas, astrocitomas y tumores de la pituitaria. Por lo que resulta muy interesante reportar la asociación infrecuente entre un sarcoma fusocelular y un condrosarcoma secundario en pacientes con síndrome de Maffucci. El seguimiento en este grupo de pacientes es complejo y se basa en la búsqueda intencionada de lesiones con crecimiento acelerado, prestando atención en lesiones de crecimiento progresivo, síntomas clínicos o datos radiológicos de malignidad.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma , Neoplasias Ósseas , Condrossarcoma , Encondromatose , Adenocarcinoma/complicações , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Adulto , Neoplasias Ósseas/complicações , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Condrossarcoma/complicações , Condrossarcoma/cirurgia , Encondromatose/complicações , Encondromatose/cirurgia , Humanos
8.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 32(3): 167-171, 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30521709

RESUMO

Dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcoma is a variant in which a high grade osteosarcoma coexists with a parosteal osteosarcoma. We report the case of a 20-year-old female patient who presented with six months of evolution of pain and functional limitation of the right forearm, with no apparent cause; radiographs were performed, observing a tumoral lesion in the diaphysis of the right ulna. Physical examination showed pain upon palpation in the diaphysis of the ulna and limitation of prone-supination. Axial computed tomography of the thorax revealed metastatic disease in the upper lobe of the left lung. An incisional biopsy was performed on the right ulna, with a report of dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcoma. Therefore, the patient was managed with neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin and doxorubicin until completing three cycles. Surgical treatment consisted of intercalary resection of the diaphysis of the right ulna, plus reconstruction of the microvascularized autologous graft of the right fibular diaphysis and graft stabilization with 3.5 mm dynamic compression plate (DCP) and one-third tubular plate. In the same procedure, pulmonary metastasectomy was performed by thoracoscopy. Post-surgical histopathological report with 100% necrosis. Currently, the patient is asymptomatic, with no evidence of tumor activity. Dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcoma is a rare pathology, but should be suspected as a differential diagnosis in the presence of a parosteal osteosarcoma; it should be taken into account that this disease can metastasize due to its dedifferentiated pattern. It is important to plan a surgical treatment that allows an adequate functional reconstruction, always taking into account the oncological principle.


El osteosarcoma parostal desdiferenciado es una variante en la cual un osteosarcoma de alto grado coexiste con un osteosarcoma parostal. Se presenta el caso de un paciente femenino de 20 años; acudió con seis meses de evolución de dolor y limitación funcional en el antebrazo derecho sin causa aparente; se le realizaron radiografías, donde se observó una lesión tumoral en la diáfisis del cúbito derecho. A la exploración física, presentó dolor a la palpación en la diáfisis del cúbito y limitación a la pronosupinación. La tomografía axial computada de tórax reveló enfermedad metastásica en el lóbulo superior del pulmón izquierdo. Se le efectuó una biopsia incisional de la tumoración en el cúbito derecho, con reporte de osteosarcoma parostal desdiferenciado. Por ello, inició manejo con quimioterapia neoadyuvante con cisplatino y doxorrubicina hasta completar tres ciclos. El tratamiento quirúrgico consistió en resección intercalar de la diáfisis del cúbito derecho más reconstrucción de injerto autólogo microvascularizado de la diáfisis del peroné derecho y estabilización del injerto con placa de compresión dinámica (DCP) 3.5 mm y placa tercio de caña. En el mismo procedimiento se le efectuó metastasectomía pulmonar por toracoscopía. El reporte histopatológico postquirúrgico, con necrosis de 100%. Actualmente, la paciente se encuentra asintomática, sin datos de actividad tumoral. El osteosarcoma parostal desdiferenciado es una patología rara, pero que se debe sospechar como diagnóstico diferencial ante un osteosarcoma parostal; se debe tener en cuenta que esta enfermedad puede generar metástasis por su patrón desdiferenciado. Es importante planificar un tratamiento quirúrgico que permita una adecuada reconstrucción funcional, siempre teniendo en cuenta el principio oncológico.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas , Osteossarcoma Justacortical , Osteossarcoma , Adulto , Neoplasias Ósseas/complicações , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Osteossarcoma Justacortical/complicações , Osteossarcoma Justacortical/diagnóstico , Osteossarcoma Justacortical/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Ulna/patologia , Ulna/cirurgia , Adulto Jovem
9.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29574162

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Metastatic bone disease is the most common neoplastic process that affects the skeletal system. Eighty percent of bone metastases come from carcinomas of the breast, lung, kidney, thyroid and prostate. The Katagiri scale enables an estimation of the survival of patients based on the presence or absence of visceral metastases, multiple bone metastases and functional status according to the ECOG scale. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive and observational study conducted between March 1, 2013 and June 30, 2015. Thirty-two patients were studied with a diagnosis of metastatic bone disease and who had undergone some type of orthopaedic surgical treatment for pathological fracture or impending fracture. RESULTS: 28 cases (87.5%) presented pathological fracture and 4 cases (12.5%) impending fracture according to the Mirels score. Fifteen cases (46.875%) were treated by placing a central medullary nail + spacer in the long bone diaphysis, 15 cases (46.875%) with modular arthroplasties and 2 patients (6.25%) with forequarter amputation. Eleven patients (34.375%) died during the course of this study, all with a Katagiri greater than or equal to 4. DISCUSSION: The presence of a fracture in previously damaged territory is a catastrophic complication for most cancer patients. A clear understanding of the life expectancy of patients with bone metastases is of great help to prevent errors and failures in treatment.


Assuntos
Amputação Cirúrgica , Artroplastia , Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Fixação de Fratura , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias Ósseas/complicações , Neoplasias Ósseas/mortalidade , Feminino , Fêmur/cirurgia , Fraturas Espontâneas/etiologia , Fraturas Espontâneas/mortalidade , Fraturas Espontâneas/cirurgia , Humanos , Úmero/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Tíbia/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento
10.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 32(6): 354-357, 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31184007

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Primary sacral tumors are rare, treatment in most cases is surgical with or without adjuvant radiotherapy; oncology and functional results are usually adverse with a high rate of complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, analytical and observational studies that includes 22 cases treated between 2000 and 2017, analyzed their characteristics demographic, the type of treatment received, and the oncological, functional results and the rate of complications were analized. RESULTS: 22 patients were subjected to sacrectomy with posterior approah because of cordoma (13 patients), giant cell tumour (three patients) and other (six patients). Three total sacrectomies, 13 partial sacrectomies, two hemisacrectomies and four sacrectomies enlarged were performed. The mean surgical time was 229 minutes, with an average bleeding of 2,100 cm3, the average tumour size was 13.8 cm (6-30cm); 10 patients were presented with complications, eight by surgical site infection, one sacral hernia and one osteomyelitis. Overall survival was 44.4 months. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of sacral tumors is complex, requires a multidisciplinary team; the oncological result is adequate when you get free margins of neoplasia, the functional results will be determined by the type of resection, and the rate of complications is high however is the best alternative healing in our hospital.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Los tumores primarios de sacro son poco frecuentes, el tratamiento en la mayoría de los casos es quirúrgico con o sin radioterapia adyuvante; los resultados oncológicos y funcionales suelen ser adversos con una tasa alta de complicaciones. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, analítico y observacional que incluye 22 casos tratados entre el 2000 y 2017, se analizaron sus características demográficas, el tipo de tratamiento en la recidiva y el resultado oncológico y funcional; asimismo, se analizó la tasa de complicaciones. RESULTADOS: 22 pacientes fueron sometidos a sacrectomía, con abordaje posterior por cordoma (13 pacientes), tumor de células gigantes (tres pacientes) y otros (seis pacientes). Se realizaron tres sacrectomías totales, 13 sacrectomías parciales, dos hemisacrectomías y cuatro sacrectomías ampliadas. La media de duración quirúrgica fue de 229 minutos, con un sangrado promedio de 2,100 cm3, el tamaño tumoral promedio fue de 13.8 cm (6-30 cm); presentaron complicaciones 10 pacientes, ocho por infección de sitio quirúrgico, uno por hernia sacra y uno por osteomielitis. La supervivencia global fue de 44.4 meses. DISCUSIÓN: El tratamiento de los tumores sacros es complejo y requiere un equipo multidisciplinario; el resultado oncológico es adecuado cuando se consiguen márgenes libres de neoplasia, los resultados funcionales estarán determinados por el tipo de resección y la tasa de complicaciones es alta; sin embargo, es la mejor alternativa de curación.


Assuntos
Sacro , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sacro/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Resultado do Tratamento
11.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 31(6): 308-311, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29641859

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare clinical entity with higher incidence in women (3:1) and an age of presentation between 20 and 40 years. The hip is a rare site of appearance, being involved in only 15% of all cases. CASE REPORT: 47-year-old male with 10 years of evolution characterized by a limited range of motion, pain associated with an increase in volume and shortening of the pelvic limb. Imaging studies showed destruction of the hip joint and extension to the pelvis. The histopathology report described pigmented villonodular synovitis. His final treatment was left hemipelvectomy. DISCUSSION: The presentation of the diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis of the hip has a lower incidence and a locally aggressive behavior. It is necessary to consider differential diagnoses that include malignant neoplasms. The standard treatment is surgical.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La sinovitis villonodular pigmentada (SNVP) es una entidad clínica poco frecuente, con un incidencia mayor en las mujeres (3:1) y una edad de presentación entre los 20 y 40 años. La cadera es un sitio poco común de ocurrencia, estando involucrada en tan solo 15% de todos los casos. REPORTE DE CASO: Masculino de 47 años con cuadro de 10 años de evolución caracterizado por limitación de los arcos de movilidad, dolor asociado a aumento de volumen y acortamiento del miembro pélvico; los estudios de imagen mostraron destrucción de la articulación coxofemoral y extensión a la pelvis; el reporte histopatológico describió sinovitis villonodular pigmentada. Fue manejado con hemipelvectomía externa izquierda. DISCUSIÓN: La presentación de la sinovitis villonodular pigmentada difusa en la cadera tiene una incidencia baja y comportamiento localmente agresivo. Es necesario tener en cuenta diagnósticos diferenciales que incluyan neoplasias malignas. El estándar de tratamiento es quirúrgico.


Assuntos
Sinovite Pigmentada Vilonodular , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Articulação do Quadril/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor/etiologia , Pelve/cirurgia , Sinovite Pigmentada Vilonodular/complicações , Sinovite Pigmentada Vilonodular/diagnóstico , Sinovite Pigmentada Vilonodular/cirurgia
12.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 30(1): 28-32, 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27627776

RESUMO

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary malignant bone tumor. It is characterized by osteoid production by tumor cells. Its most frequent location is in the metaphyses of long bones, but a purely diaphyseal presentation is reported in 10% of cases. We report the case of a female 25 year-old patient whose symptoms of pain and swelling of the right mid thigh started four months before, without an apparent cause. Femur X-rays showed a tumor in the femoral shaft. The MRI showed extension to soft tissues with no compromise of the neurovascular bundle. The histopathologic report of the incisional biopsy was osteoblastic and chondroblastic osteosarcoma, classified as Enneking IIB, AJCC IIB. Treatment consisted of three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Then intercalary femur resection plus reconstruction with centromedullary nailing and a diaphyseal spacer were performed. The histopathologic report was 95% necrosis (Huvos grade III). Three cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy were given and now, 18 months after completing the latter, the patient has no signs of local or distant tumor activity, and she can walk unassisted. Despite the fact that osteosarcoma does not occur usually in the mid shaft of long bones, we should always bear it in mind as part of the differential diagnosis for other conditions that occur more frequently in that region. Such location allows for a broad gamut of surgical approaches that spare the adjacent joints.


El osteosarcoma es el tumor maligno primario más frecuente del hueso. Se caracteriza por la formación de osteoide por las células tumorales. Su localización más frecuente es en las metáfisis de los huesos largos; sin embargo, la presentación puramente diafisaria se reporta en 10% de los casos. Se expone el caso de paciente del género femenino de 25 años que inició padecimiento cuatro meses previos a nuestra valoración al presentar dolor y aumento de volumen en tercio medio de muslo derecho, sin causa aparente. Las radiografías del fémur revelaron un tumor en la diáfisis del mismo. La resonancia magnética mostró extensión a partes blandas, sin compromiso del paquete neurovascular. Se tomó biopsia incisional con reporte histopatológico de osteosarcoma osteoblástico y condroblástico. Se clasificó como Enneking IIB, AJCC IIB. Inició tratamiento con tres ciclos de quimioterapia neoadyuvante y posteriormente se le realizó resección intercalar de fémur más reconstrucción con clavo centromedular y espaciador diafisario. El reporte histopatológico evidenció necrosis de 95% (Huvos grado III). Se continuó con tres ciclos de quimioterapia adyuvante. A 18 meses de concluida la quimioterapia adyuvante la paciente se encuentra sin datos de actividad tumoral local o a distancia, tolerando la deambulación sin auxiliares de la marcha. A pesar de que el osteosarcoma no se presenta de forma habitual en el tercio medio de la diáfisis de los huesos largos, debe siempre tomarse en cuenta como un diagnóstico diferencial con otras patologías de localización más frecuente en dicha región. Esta localización nos permite una amplia gama de alternativas quirúrgicas con la preservación de las articulaciones adyacentes.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas , Fêmur , Osteossarcoma , Adulto , Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Diáfises , Feminino , Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Fêmur/patologia , Humanos , Osteossarcoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteossarcoma/cirurgia , Radiografia
13.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 30(4): 201-203, 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28267911

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The spine is the most common site for bone metastases; being the breast, prostate and lung cancer which have most affected. The thoracic spine is involved in 70% of cases, followed by the lumbar and cervical region. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a 59 years old female diagnosed with breast adenocarcinoma and metastatic bone disease in cervical spine C2, C3 level and instability of that segment because of a compression fracture of C3 greater than 80% without invasion of the spinal canal, she begins with paresthesias of upper limbs. A 360º instrumentation was performed in two stages. After the surgical procedure the patient were without neck pain and a good neurological status. DISCUSSION: Metastatic bone disease causes significant damage to the spine sometimes create instability proper instrumentation is needed to improve the functional status and prognosis of these lesions.


La columna vertebral es el sitio más frecuente de localización para las metástasis óseas; siendo los tumores de mama, próstata y pulmón los que mayor afectación presentan. La columna torácica es afectada en un 70% de los casos, seguida de la región lumbar y cervical.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas , Instabilidade Articular , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral , Neoplasias Ósseas/complicações , Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Vértebras Cervicais , Feminino , Fraturas por Compressão/etiologia , Humanos , Instabilidade Articular/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/etiologia
14.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 27(4): 250-5, 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24707615

RESUMO

Giant cell tumor (GCT) is an aggressive benign neoplasia that accounts for 5% of primary bone tumors and 20% of all benign bone tumors. It appears almost exclusively after skeletal maturation, between 20 and 40 years of age, and is predominant among females. We report the case of a 39 year-old male patient who in 1988 sustained a left hip fracture in a pathological area. On July 20, 1988 he underwent excisional biopsy and curettage; on January 13, 1989 broad resection and arthrodesis of the left hip were performed with a cobra plate. The histopathologic diagnosis was GCT. On October 2, 1990 the cobra plate was removed due to fatigue. The patient was referred to our service with a floating hip joint and left knee anchylosis. On February 11, 1991 he underwent unconventional hip arthroplasty with a long stem up to the femoral supracondylar area. On February 2, 1995 the implant was removed due to fatigue. On February 16, 1995 an unconventional prosthesis with a long stem was re-implanted for knee arthrodesis. Final shortening was 10 cm. On November 17, 2010 he had radiographic signs of acetabular loosening and fatigue of the arthrodesis stem. On March 17, 2011 the unconventional prosthesis was removed, en-bloc resection of the distal femur was performed, and acetabular and femoral components were put in place. He is currently painless, walks with crutches and has 5.5 cm of shortening. The proximal femur is an infrequent site for GCT. Controlling the neoplasia and limb preservation are the major challenges that orthopedic surgeons and patients face. There are only a few published papers on revision of unconventional arthroplasty. There are no cases published on unconventional hip arthroplasty with ipsilateral knee arthrodesis.


Assuntos
Artrodese/métodos , Artroplastia de Quadril/métodos , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Tumor de Células Gigantes do Osso/cirurgia , Articulação do Quadril , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Tempo
15.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 26(4): 250-4, 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23320328

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor of chondroid matrix-producing cells; based on its frequency, it is the second most common malignant bone tumor (10-20%) and responds poorly to chemo- and radiotherapy. It is infrequent in the pelvis. It has a rapid growth potential. The indicated treatment is broad resection with tumor-free margins. Pelvic reconstruction after resection is controversial. The current management of musculoskeletal neoplasias has a two-fold purpose. First of all, controlling the neoplasia by means of surgeries with cancer-free margins and, second, performing procedures for the reconstruction of the involved segment achieving limb preservation with maximum functionality. OBJECTIVE: Intrapelvic reconstruction with the proximal third of the ipsilateral femur in a patient with a chondrosarcoma in Enneking-Dunham's zone II. And placement of an unconventional femur prosthesis. CLINICAL CASE: We present herein the case of a 58 year-old male, with a lytic lesion of the right acetabulum. The patient completed the diagnostic protocol, and the biopsy result was dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. CONCLUSION: The purpose of the surgical technique is to use the proximal third of the femur as a novel reconstruction alternative with massive autograft for tumor lesions located in Enneking-Dunham zone II.


Assuntos
Acetábulo/cirurgia , Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Condrossarcoma/cirurgia , Fêmur/transplante , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
16.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 25(6): 389-95, 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22512105

RESUMO

Surgical management of tumors located in the spine and the pelvis involves greater difficulty. Moreover, these tumors are usually very large and vascularized. Preoperative embolization of the internal iliac artery is a relatively safe procedure that may reduce the risk of bleeding and local recurrence in the case of benign tumors. Chondroblastoma is a tumor that is rarely located in the pelvis; its more frequent location is the triradiate cartilage. We describe a case of a chondroblastoma with a relapsing aneurysmal cystic component in the acetabulum of an adolescent patient. Treatment consisted of embolization of the internal iliac artery, fluid hyperthermia, hydrogen peroxide and bone marrow application. The patient was found to be asymptomatic at the 5-year postoperative follow-up. The technetium (99mTc) sestamibi scan was negative for tumor activity and found no lung metastases.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/cirurgia , Condroblastoma/cirurgia , Ossos Pélvicos , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino
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